The Hot Air Formula of Rag Chewing on HF

This formula is for HF Only (160m – 10m). It doesn’t apply outside of those bands.

The term “air” may be defined as 78.09% nitrogen, 20.95% oxygen, 0.93% argon, 0.04% carbon dioxide with slight variances to account for any water vapor (+/- 0.5%) dependent upon altitude. The movement of “air” is defined by various terms, for our exercise, we will utilize Cubic Feet per Minute or “CFM”.

“Hot air”, therefore, would be defined as the normal accumulation of expelled gases, at or above 98.6° F. The increase of temperature is also another variable, depending upon the attitude of [O]perator. The expelling thereof would be measured in Cubic Feet per Minute (CFM).

• The CFM of hot air expelled from [O] is inversely proportional to the frequency in use, ie:

Operator will increase the output of heated N O Ar CO₂ (+/- H₂O) as the frequency decreases.

As the frequency is increased, a decrease in air flow will be observed.

The average amount of air inhaled and exhaled per minute is approximately 0.21 CFM, during duress, this can quadruple. Therefore, we’ll consider this “nominal” and apply the term Control Operator’s Value of Expelled gases (COVE for short) to represent this nominal observation of “100”.

For example, if the COVE on 20m is 100, therefore:

COVE on 40m equals,

100/7.200 = 13.888 (Cc)

COVE on 40m = COVE on 20m + Cc = 113.888
———————————

COVE on 80m equals,

113.888/3.868 = 29.443 (Cc)

COVE on 80m = COVE on 40m + Cc = 143.331
———————————

COVE on 160m equals,

143.331/1.9 = 75.437 (Cc)

COVE on 160m = Operator on 80m + Cc = 218.768